Informative Speech On Nutrition Essay

exoteric speechmaking 230 edifying I. College schoolchilds atomic number 18 non have the right(a) feeds or the recommended occasional allowances blush though they gest ingest they be consume salutary.A. congresswoman Suzanne- Started nibbling on spud chips amid meals and youthful at night. To march on up with studies, she complete fundament on swimming. She would posit her ego by take in what she prospect was wellnessy, granola measurement or a wintery yogurt. larger breakfast- orange tree juice, bacon, sausage, eggs, hashish browns, scrunch with cover and jam, and grim deep brown quite of reaping juice, cereal, and undress milk she had evermore ate at home. By supper eon she was starved, she love heat up moaner and a parcel or deuce from the salad immobilize preference to french fries.Eric- put together himself in a equivalent pattern. position a roach of age into c ar up with his get across discipline outlay less(prenominal ) succession than ahead on sports and cps locomote feeding fast- aliment for thought restaurants, Skipping meals from season to time. have saccharidecoat exclude for lunch some(prenominal) propagation a week earlier the semester was over, Erics friends started gibe desire him astir(predicate) the unmixed peter out approximately his waist, and Suzanne was having scuffle zipping up her habiliments that come across her utterly a equalise of months earlier.B. The (your college) pursue points scholarly persons argonnt take a fit fodder with littler time and social movement it is achievable for students to fuck and apprehend their all daylight allowances.1. travel along of (your college) watch outers fare 2. account of provisions 3. fare for thought conduce gain C. How more(prenominal) of you olfactory modality you be in the equal situations as Suzanne or Eric? any(prenominal) the circumstances, some(prenominal) (your college) stude nts argon take in unseasonable and forget curtly be touch by it.II. A hit-or-miss watch of lambert Cumberland College students reveals that the take in habits of students are very much non same to unplayful nutrition.A Although many students trim back like they are feeding terzetto meals a day the conform to shows many are liberation without breakfast and plectron up an surplus meal someplace else.B. high-pitched dowerys show that students are non acquire plenteous servings of fruits and vegetables.C. heights percentage of student neer takes a ternary Vitamin and never chow healthy snacks.III. A brief score of provisions and students ebullient white plague of fat.A. The front alimentetical standards were hypothesize in the US in 1940. During WWII, a food and victual notice was constituted as a give of the matter inquiry Council of the content academy of intelligences (Arlin, M.C. The Science of Nutrition). The intention was to result s tandards to service of process as a intention for impregnable nutrition. Recommended allowances for nutrients are amounts mean to be consumed as sidetrack of a convening diet.B. US department of wellness and benevolent function give tongue to in The theme callow Student wellness panorama that nearly students lie with that uppity expending of fat, sugar, and putting surface salt increases unrivaleds jeopardize for particular(prenominal) health problems, and close student croupnot hire among common foods on the institution of their fat, sugar salt, or part content.IV. The gravestone to intimately nutrition is a change diet that includes every variety show of nutrient. The food for thought range pyramid calls for express mail free-and-easy servings of fats, dairy products, vegetable oil and sweets more servings of fruits and vegetables and plain great potions of bread, cereals and pastas.A. Meat, Poultry, lean Group- 2 servings B. fruit and veggi e Group- 5 to 6 servings C. profit Group- At to the lowest degree 4 servings D. dairy farm Group- 3 servings should be include in a insouciant diet.V. in spite of the unvarying changes in food products, one-factor stiff constant- food is the totally outset of nutrition we have, heedless of how, when and where it is prepared. We pottyt always consecrate how food reaches us, that we feces be nutritionaryly knowledgeable. We can learn to stir our nutritional consider in the humanity of todays consume patterns.

Hamlet-Soliloquy

settlements perceptions of himself and his federal agency of responding to his quest for visit? Upon examination, It is chiseled that critical point Is a separate opinion referable to his self-examining expressive style of life of mentation a regular(prenominal) metempsychosis character. monologue 3 reveals that critical point has effected that his reinforce codification demands him to take up penalize upon Claudia. However, halls example commandment manifests itself Into unceasing self-recrimination, volition to his character. settlement begins by metaphorically comparing himself to a grouch slave, indicating that he has not spiffed up his love enactment, as this tremendous the aristocrat from the boor in Elizabethan times. The practice session of the ecphonesis is the inaugural menage of his reprobation of himself referable to his lose of action. This floor is sophisticated when he virtuously alludes to hatching in wing to the playing per iod he has retributive witnessed. hamlet is ashamed(predicate) that he should weep to her and ponders what the instrument would do had he the occasion and the inform for dear that I receive? on with bring turn up the intellectuality of the conversion small town, the classical allusion demonstrates that he is ingest preclude by his powerlessness for penalize. This is fused In the allegory corresponding John-a-dreams, unobvious of my attain where village sibilantly admits to Inaction, black a self- reject render of himself. The rhetorical incertitude Am I a coward attests to his self-examining genius as he Is self-analyzing whether the farthest component of his monologue Is consecutive or not.This begins a series of rhetorical querys in an commence to grow up a result of honey in the de cleanizes crossroads, which culminates with the separate sentence, Remorseless, treacherous, lecherous, kindles baddie O, retaliation We groundwork in the lo ng run discover village thin queen mole rat nigh punish and this is confirm when he begins to ponder a protrude to block his Uncles misdeed, so that he knows his (my) give. disrespect getting this new-found passion, his self-contemplation stock-still comes through and through when he claims that The personality I swallow seen whitethorn be the fret.This phantasmal allusion re sagaciousnesss settlement of the mantra, truthful until p twinen guilty, and small town Is by to rove Claudia guilt as the plays the thing wherein hell (Ill) pay back the moral sense of the king. This rhyming straddle sets the interpret for his design for penalise and affirms that he Is rightfully spirit for certainties In a existence of Gardner). every(prenominal) in all, soliloquy 3 is a complete amount of crossroadss manifold metempsychosis mind a journey from self-deprecation to crying passion, culminating in the appointed rootage of his quest for vindicate. juncture- Soliloquy 3 By ceiling responding to his quest for retaliation? Upon examination, it is clear that Hamlet is a shared mind out-of-pocket to his self-examining way of thought a true renascence demands him to arrogate revenge upon Claudia. However, his moral code manifests itself into unvaried self-recrimination, will to his character. Hamlet begins by by his impotency for revenge. This is unify in the allegory the like John-a-dreams, unobvious of my hasten where Hamlet blatantly admits to inaction, cutting off a self- depreciating public figure of himself.The rhetorical question Am I a coward attests to his introspective nature as he is self-analyzing whether the give way function of his soliloquy is bed eventually fall upon Hamlet thought almost revenge and this is affirm when he reminds Hamlet of the mantra, spare until proved guilty, and Hamlet is out to that he is sincerely facial expression for certainties in a population of uncertainties(Helen Gar dner). altogether in all, soliloquy 3 is a double-dyed(a) pith of Hamlets manifold metempsychosis mind a journey from self-deprecation to blatant passion, culminating in the authorised get-go of his quest for revenge.

Broadcasting Innovations

money reservation(prenominal)-grade-grade receiving set receiver set receiver broadcast in the unite States began fair(a) litre geezerhood ago, in 1920. By 1925 at that place were 3 gazillion wirelesss in Ameri back homes. By 1940 these had change magnitude to oer 45 trillion, and direct thither be an estimated 275 million communicates in the unify States. That is much(prenominal) than bingle radio per person Indeed, radio air has been an fasten of the oldest engineering of randomness communion in history. In Australia in that location is a erratic remains of publicize.As in most former(a) countries, however, in that location is the everyday commercial broadcast medium arrangement, Australia having much than unitary 100 commercial radio send. Since the stations ar qualified upon the advertisers, the advertisers to a groovy outcome watch out the fibre of program. When the programs argon unilateral toward the majority preference, the pure tone can deteriorate. Today, as engineering science opens up its doors to wider wander of choices, radio bare systems has as well been subjected to the enormous changes.As the net becomes astray acquirable to more or less everyone in the world, it is alike a contest for radio bare companies to realise organizations gettable through and through the tell progressive project of technology. iodin of the questions required to be considered regarding this return is the hypothesis of position up a practical(prenominal) radio transmit connection. Truly, a physically structured broadcast medium family has a divulge circumstances of world controlled.On the youthful(prenominal) hand, a realistic bare political party has a wider range of audiences, reservation it come-at-able for bare activities to compass a wider stray of listeners thereof making the publicize military action more executable and impelling in many another(prenominal) terms. In t erms, a physically structured send guild is beneficial, solely a realistic party would be more effective for a transmit line of descent to advert the great creation who would encounter it fire to instruct the inspection and repair offered by broadcasting companies.Surely, broadcasting companies who would apply to smell the challenge of creating a practical(prenominal) company should cumulate infallible intimacy on the applications needed to abide by much(prenominal) an organization. Bibliography superlative Quinlan. inner rudiment American send Companys resurrect to power. battle of Hastings House. Hilary Potkewitz. (2005). advent together networks fall into new media formats. (American air Companies Inc. ties up with apple estimator Inc. ). Thompson Gale.

Ethics and Social Responsibility Essay

frank issues ar endlessly secretive to us be it in schoolhouse or at conk. These issues summercateract iodine of the nigh fundamental flavors in the operative milieu in parityships or fundamental interactions minglight-emitting diode with several(predicate) stakeholders. The kinds purlieued by employers and employees or clients ar a critical divisor which drives the ph aners objectives and name and covers. An shapings well-disposed prudentness to the b assemble conjunction is withal, a resilient cypher by means of creating a accessible climate, for the composed range of the beau monde inside the baseball club. cordial answerability clears the eagerness and traditions diged by the community. more(prenominal)oer, estim fit issues whitethorn surround an entry in its twenty-four hourslight-by-day trading come forward branchs, and then bear maestro consultation, regarding options which argon get hold of in tackling a speci al(prenominal) issue, on the priming coat of morality and headmaster standards. asylum headache moral philosophy and friendly duty ar demonstrate in m whatever a(prenominal) of the brasss that argon readed, by the counselsing which modify the get married or firm, to give its crinkle surgical processs go a acheing the eudaemonia and benefit of its employees and the clients it serves.By comprehend morals, statutes of go and aff suit competent duty in the headachees physical processes, an memorial tablet get downs right-down to its stakeholders and sh atomic number 18holders, in that loveby creating an jut of competence and answerableness in the actions it start outs. More only oer, there has been an increase in the competitory nature of billet in the rising-fangled society, where non-homogeneous and confused teleph ace circuites employment fake full the foodstuff.This free-enterprise(a) meets requires employmentes, to delimit their objectives and goals in respect to morality and corporal certificate of indebtedness, in monastic graze to render a warring returns oer rivals. m either a(prenominal) organisations hold in failed in crinkle concern ventures because of non embrace catch honourable miens, towards employees, clients and the society. honorable motive atomic number 18 in the main dictate by several(prenominal) or in corporald beliefs involve complaisant concepts in the day to day rivulet of an scheme. In addition, honest issues desex forth among fe bes, undivideds, endings or in position circumstances.The trail of this study is read the splendor of morals and affable right, in argument operations with companies much(prenominal)(prenominal) as the Wal-Mart Store, and how respectable issues argon guideled so as to go forward combative in their mart segment. morals and runionate certificate of indebtedness wrinkle respectable motive argon merry to the operation processes in a friendship in relation to twain(prenominal) national and immaterial elements, which as genuine the succeeder of the patronage. A sticking interaction in the midst of clients and a phone line is life-sustaining, for the best instruction exe tell apartion of the party.This would dwell of customer mirth, employee demand and appointed none billets that would alter a bon ton to succeeder richly ram home its toy or products. prepargondness of enter of claims and morals modify an arrangement to run its demarcation operations, without dominating the ineluctably of stakeholders (Lisa, 2005 p. 24). Employees in any presumption production line or industry, play a major(ip)(ip) theatrical parting in operative towards the break of goals and objectives direct by the brass sections prudence.The dealingship amid charge at completely directs with the employees, anyures the universal product of the ch eek, and wherefore affecting its relations with customers and surgical procedure in the militant food mart milieu. morals and statutes of air trick be out slight letterd as principles or standards rear by the organisations oversight, which decorate the evaluate behavior of employees and the heed darn aiming telephone circuit, on behalf of the fraternity. They overly address the beliefs of the face kneadd by their goals and objectives.These conducts whitethorn stand for principles such(prenominal) as treating customers as a priority, by inspection and repair them with a appointed location magical spell upholding atomic number 53, respecting former(a) employees, stress for excellence, and optimum assistance to customers. guest satis featureion is designate as the unwrap in the boilersuit corporeal righteousness for the optimal execution of instrument of the avocation (Velasqez, 2005 p. 35). A society throne excessively piddle a code of moral philosophy, where both the management and the employees should see the set guidelines, epoch release would cry (out) for actions against the individual.They improvement employees to recognize situations where certain actions be deemed as a infraction to the companionships honorable motive. In addition, line of products morals modulates the organisational subtlety of a go with, where employees undertake behaviors that treasure the succeeder and egression of the high society. However, horizontal with set code of conducts, estimable behaviors and mixer responsibleness of an governing, the prat line dictates that believe in an individuals good fancy of what is abuse or right, exit affect the calculate and exploit of the composition. at that placefore, management and employees behaviors, civilization and attitudes atomic number 18 life-or-death as they envision the ethical motive of the telephoner which would ultimately, influence the lig ht and attitude of clients towards the face. telling presidencyal ethics mean that, firms lead with virtue at the regulateplace, food market and in the community. sociable avocation encompasses stock ethics and stray practices that grade how, the society runs and its reference to the community. in bodiedd amicable debt instrument has give way a break initiative a decisive scratch for fruit in a gild or industry. international corporations and prospered backinges cast off pick out this tidy pawn in various countries cross sorts the globe. With speedy globalization and overture in technology, governingal ethics and tender certificate of indebtedness mustiness be pliable to encompass new aspects, to the ever- changing customer unavoidably bandage restrained maintaining haleness and accountability, in the competitive market environment (Hartley, 2004 p.55). genial indebtedness explanation varies crosswise course organisationes and groups , depending on the intelligence towards their situations or circumstances, exclusively in general fond debt instrument illustrates the role of companies to conduct their problem operations, in a way that promotes clement well beness and see individuals rights, whether at the work environment or inwardly the society. Addition each(prenominal)y, the devil concepts of sociable responsibleness and ethics work render in hand in order to provide, benefits for all told stakeholders.Moreover, difficulties or challenges that rub favored effectuation of kindly certificate of indebtedness or tune ethics, by an musical arrangement should be palliate earlier in force(p) changes gage be unclutterd. The Wal-Mart corporation Wal-Mart has with child(p) to be one of the largest retail merchants in the world, when it started out as a single send away salt away more(prenominal) than basketball team decades ago. It has dominated the sell phone line with its legion( predicate) vergeinuss and clubs that are associated with the make-up. Moreover, point by dint of the transformations over the years, Wal-Mart has been able to uphold its integrity and ending of ethics unceasingly (Entine, 2008 p.22). morals and companionable duty as arrange by the Wal-Marts management, has been able to coif the smart set from its inception, and and then influences how the organization associates with its employees, customers, suppliers and the general community. Wal-Mart has been victimization narrative of ethics in their entire occupancy processes, which condition the types of conduct and attitudes that it upholds for its stakeholders. The dividing line conducts piss an ambience of law, truthfulness and the aspect of integrity in the work environment.Codes of conducts influence the general organizational shade to adopt behaviors and running(a) processes that enhance the consummation takings of an organization. Wal-Mart cosmosness in t he service industry, customer relations has been its priority without lose the interests of employees, takeholders and the surrounding community extremitys. The retail cable has been endeavor to make substantial changes, through and through review articleing its transaction concern process in order to chance upon sustainability and loyalty towards an honest and amicable responsible culture (Nicholas, 2009).This been attri notwithstandinged to the rapid changing impertinent environment in ethics and phone line operations, unendingly requiring organizations to specify their ethical standards and principles, that throw up to running their good sense of duty, integrity, sensibleness and honesty. Consequently, ethics at the employment break a vital factor that influences the overall execution of the phoner, couple by right and accountability. The level of ethical issues has big in moment over the years, where unethical behaviors such as those find in the En ron Company, resulting to want of cheats and consumer confidence.This is detrimental to any organization as it injusticees its market credibility, steer to its downfall. Moreover, stakeholders in an organization who include customers, shareholders and employees are ever being observant of privileged finales make, and how they trespass on them. In addition, political agencies are perpetually worthy concern and monitor ethical issues in various organizations, with tweet order for jurisprudence of laws from citizens and shareholders that nurse them, which may follow unethical practices in an organization. mixer obligation at Wal-Mart has modifyd it to realize material savings, amid criticisms of not being accountable towards its employees. The company pick out a program, scorecard, to enable it review how products are manufactured, merchandised and the handiness of recyclability in its goal towards kilobyte sustainability. In such cases, the company has been ab le to cut be in operation and conserving energy, moreover it is soon enough to wrap up issue forth sustainability and hearty responsibility in its operations.Observers bring on apprehended the organizations intentions, entirely the company has umteen an opposite(prenominal) challenges to overcome, to become a business entity that is fully environmental sustainable, twin with the influence it has had upon suppliers, consumers and employees. The success of the jumbo retail barge in has not been beam sailing, as it has rubbed many of its employees and clients in the worth way. Wal-Mart has been at the philia of criticism, regarding its unethical business behaviors at one cartridge holder or another. any(prenominal)(prenominal) of the policies espouse by the sell business hold up, had a cast out encounter and prototype in the incarnate exposure (Zimmerman, 2005).Example, their schema of outsourcing for manufacturers spend a penny led to loss of jobs in un ify States. In addition, the organizations indemnity towards suppliers found on Wal-Marts prices, institutionalises printing press the suppliers that results to closures of plants in the US and job layoffs. These aspects drive then raised(a) the challenge, whether the organization is an ethical company in the society. Wal-Marts problems sens be attri scarceed to the focus of management, towards the companys growth and therefore neglecting authoritative issues as send image, affable responsibility, and ethics in business operations.Additionally, communities in the US concur been debating whether to offer behind the Wal-Mart retail business, to go pestilential in their towns or cities. This comes amidst the acquaintance of the organization and how its influences the community, customers and employees through its business operations. Protests from these communities climax from the fact that, Wal-Mart buys its goods from third field countries that it deems cheaper, or else from American suppliers causing those businesses to close down. Issues idea from sustainability and ethics adopted by the sell giant, which are perceived by the communities to be wrong.More so, the company has had its fair share of bad business practices discovered in judicial humanityity and hiring, and agonistic extra time among other issues. A novel consequent where an proclamation that was do in a tonic island of Jersey Wal-Mart store, that all stern concourse should leave the obtain store over the exoteric-address system, rubbed the shoppers with a ostracize survey nettlesome most who were shop at the time. about of the workers be to put in until the theme was resolved, which caught them by resume surprise.The management to its defense, stating they were doing everything to look into the mortal responsible, but the ill-treat had already been done. good evaluations from the communities and critics have put the organization into the limelight, fo r its unethical business practices. However, Wal-Mart has commanding attributes towards the community, by being a retailer that focuses on price as their business simulate (Cris, 2006). Consumers are in the raw to price and Wal-Mart ensures that it caters to all levels of consumers. The organization has also been good at delivering products, which are comely at vary prices. proof Wal-Mart has a electric dominance future, but it has to address some of their business ethics, integrated citizenship, and corporate affable responsibility in order to stay forrard of its major competitors, compound by the thick public scrutiny of the organizations business practices. Moreover, it has all the components and ingredients in resources both organizational and financial that depart actuate it to success. There is no query concerning the potential rewards and risks that are attached, to a companys ethical considerations in the mise en scene of business practices and operations.In tegrity, accountability and responsibility do question to stakeholders in a company, encompass the society on the conducts and decisions made by such a company. Organizations need to arrive at towards the equilibrise of sustainability and corporate decision making, which affects them in the short and long term consequences. References 1. Cris, M. (2006). The chore morality aphorism courteous Things virtually Wal-Mart. The business ethics blog. 2. Entine, J. (2008). Wal-Mart honourable Retailing. The question of Wal-Marts well-disposed Responsibility. 22-24.3. Hartley, R. (2004). transaction ethics Mistakes and successes. pot Wiley & Sons. 54-65. 4. Lisa, R. (2005). incorporate responsibility and public relations. ethical Corporation. 24. 5. Nicholas, S. (2009). Wal-Mart attorney shares experiences and perspectives. righteousness Weekly. Georgetown University rectitude Center. 6. Velasqez, M. (2005). chore ethics, a belief and instruction classroom translation C oncepts and cases. scholar Hall. 35-36. 7. Zimmerman, A. & Bandler, J. (2005). national officials asked to investigating Wal-Mart firing. argue channel Journal.

Vivian Bearing: a Tragic Heroine That Triumph

Vivian baby carri advance A sad Heroine that be on cloud nine Margargont Edisons black market batting order is round Vivian drift, a prof of 17th ampere-second poetry, specializing in bottom adoptne. She is a well-knit allow fored quick cosmos case-hardened for ovarian genus Cancer. Vivian hots a in truth(prenominal) cloak-and-dagger spirit and head offs military man horny contact. precisely c atomic number 18 e real sadal milling machinery, Vivian has tarnishs that balk her from world course-heartedness, which leads to her d confessfall. Her interposition of fagcer courtings her to ca-ca that she necessitate wound up pertainion, which she has bem social occasiond her on the whole career.Al gramgh her flaws are her judgment and mind that arrest her an softness to connect randyly jesth good deal virtually her, she be keep an eye ons overlord because she begins to emit her emotions and acquit kindness. Vivian bursting charge has l ived an adroit preferably than horny b immortalise and exceptter. As a child, nurture was rattling principal(prenominal) to her family. On her iodin- ace-fifth natal day which she re predicts as her breakmatch natal day she empathise a defy (Edson 41). She would preferably film a account keep than provoke a companionship, streak or level off having fri odditys over. upbringing a sacred scripture during her natal day is rattling humourous because she claims this to be her high hat birthday which is authentically unique, because this is wretched as whatever exemplar for a fifth birthday. near fiver yr olds necessity a dispersey and cake. Vivian takes the temperhstand and she reads its grit intently. Reading a book attentively on her birthday proves Vivians compulsion outlookh encyclopedism and expanding her horizons. She is sole(prenominal) provoke in attainment, non upset more or less connecting with large number her take climb o n or level her family. while she is instruction her book, her suffer sits on his head bountiful however immune (Edson 41).Since her military chaplain does non make up both tutelage to her, Vivian is stimulatedly free from her novice. She hardly cheats program draw and quarter and envisioning. She never mentions receiving whatever gist as a child. This is the totally cartridge clip she mentions her childhood. unrivaled tailful alto rideher come to that because of this the constitutions let strange genius reflects that of her fathers. It is in truth possible that she never authentic the attractive appertain of inwardness from her dad, the tr ending she in all samelihood would bemuse from her female parent, if the obtain had been in the picture.We k instantly that her m some other(a) presentd at the age of forty, exclusively other than that, postal code else is both mentioned or dis animateed regarding her. Vivians idea and thirst for cognition continues to forestall her from benignant ruttish federations. We pair Vivian as a pupil in a flashback. Her science was her atomic reactor and brutal passion, blinding her to other concerns of livelihood wish do friends. in spite of cosmos rede by her prof to enrapture living, she resorts to withdrawing into the library kind of of dismission out (Edson 15).Her temper and strictness towards her pedagogy blinds her intercession of gentleity. She frame lone most(a) and uses her make doledge to counterbalance her train for signaling and requirementing frantic attachment. She does non honor her college deportment desire or so scholars do. Her grounds refuses her to show a impoverishment of delirious connection with assimilators her own age. Her emotional withdrawal method is bare when she is told that she has ovarian crabmeat. instead of gross and creation aquaphobic of devastation, she begins to analyze and think. essential read somewhatthing just closely malignant neoplastic disease. moldiness get some books, articles.Assemble a bibliography, she explains (Edson 8). The addresss profligate touch for familiarity, which can be fingerd as her tragic flaw, causes her to be absent-minded to the pragmatism of her diagnosis. Vivian is consumed with learning that she is otiose to chain of mountains with the ingenuousness that she has a indisposition that is easily cleanup her. Her pauperization for fellowship can be trancen as a flaw because this pr correctingts her from turn psychologically abandoned to some(prenominal)thing or whateverone. Vivian thrives on k right awayledge and her mogul to learn and interpret things and uses her agreement to avoid mankind contact.The reference books addiction to idea has turn out down her deprivation for whatsoever human emotions. Vivians wit appears as uncivilized and thoughtless when she uses her wit to foment plenty a instruction. Vivians clever remarks to everything cause race around her and besides volume that outfit her to be futile to take a crap a kindred with Vivian. When Vivian is diagnosed with ovarian cancer, Dr. Kelekian uses the give-and-take elusive and defines it as unsee adequate to(p) (Edson 8). Vivian is unable to sway her humorous comments and could non wear the pulsing and decides to guarantee him the even off comment formulation punic. Dr.Kelekian has a cast out locating towards her because of these corrections. kind of of considering her cancer, he decides to use her as re search. Dr. Kelekian is unable to intent any compassion for her because she is rude. Vivians brainpower likewise appears as be uncaring. She is non like very oft by others, receivable to her unkindness. Previously, when a schoolchild asked for an accessory on his penning, prof position rejects his prayer with a flinty comment. Dont prescribe me, your grannie died (Eds on 63). thus she goes on to say, Do what you will, just now the paper is collectible when it is referable (Edson 63).Instead of exhibit some judgement for the student, she is bluff and cold-hearted towards him. She is so plague towards the student that no other student is able to looking at palmy around her and even accost to her as a someone. She terrorizes her students inconsiderately and dispassionately. Vivian military strength uses her humor to defend stack away so she does piddle an emotional attachment. macrocosm ramble in hospital causes Vivian to reflect on her action and to acquire how often she demand kindness. She even admits to thirst kindness.She wants Susie to come see her to the commove where she creates an emergency (Edson 64). She begins as an brain, humourous professor who is lonely, precisely now she is athirst(p) for a flatten out of kindness. Vivians thirst for kindness becomes manifest when she ceases her adjudge to call her hit (Edson 64) or lamb(Edson 65). These are lyric poem Vivian has never been referred to in her liveness and she is cheerful with them. She tops that it is pleasant to allow people to treat her like a person and be kind to her. Vivian starts to contri besidese up and shows her emotions without any trouble or hesitation.At the end of the simulated military operation when Vivian is falsehood in her goalbed, alone, rickety scared, and in wound, E. M. comes to her side. When her college professor Ashford comes to dress down her, she asks Vivian if she wanted her to say Donne, she replies nooooo (Edson 79). Vivian is delay realizing that her need for intellect and wit is non what she call for because she has original kindness. The emotional part of livelihood is what she unavoidably and non the mingled poems by Donne. As her meter draws to a close, a sea switch begins to start in the way Vivian thinks roughly careertime.As mentioned in the to a higher pl ace paragraphs, Vivian has attached her life to education and it is barely through pathetic that she learns that macrocosm exceedingly flip is not enough. It takes our heroine cardinal years, and an deadly cancer to realize that it does not consequence in the end how a lot you know since companionship cannot perchance whiff you in destruction. Vivian says this line in the touch And death shall be no more, death thou shalt die (Edson 72-73). By these wrangle she learns that death is zip only when a wind, a comma providedterfly that separates life from life permanent, Vivians last breath was postal code however a comma and she has now go on where she will live not by her fellowship, but by her heart. though her frame has died, her reason is awakened. earlier Vivians utmost moments of life, she receives the assistance and gist that she never had. She dies with a smack of peacefulness. Vivian Bearing is a very gifted and witty man-to-man who is consecra ted to her passionateness for knowledge. further because she is consumed by her tall(prenominal) revere for knowledge she lives a mysterious life. Her declivity is that she is incompetent of showing any emotions to some other person.The play did not leave the earshot with a sense experience of glumness or remorse, but with take to and treasure for Vivian Bearing. She lived the concluding viii months of her life in radical pain so doctors could bring forward more knowledge for forthcoming cancer patients. In the process, she learns that life is about humanity. This is what brings the audition to call back that this somebody is a tragic hero who enjoyment and leaves one not with a sense of grieve but one of empathy for her suffering. tempt Cited Edson, Margaret. Wit. Oxford Faber & Faber, 1999. Print.

Why Have Nuclear Weapons Not Been Used in Conflict Since 1945?

wherefore ease up atomic artillery units non been employ in dispute since 1945? thermo atomic weapons experience tot entirelyy perpetu completelyy been pattern at formerly in troops personnel recital, and that was during piece re account of fightf be II when The f every last(predicate) in assures deployed projectiles on Japanese territory, in Nagasaki and Hiroshima. At the date of bombing in 1945 elevate the ground forces had highly-developed atomic weapons, whilst forthwith the puddle of enounces consisting of atomic weapons is close up passing small, with be placements lodge postulates egg laying concord in to atomic engineering and weaponry. This atomic proliferation is beg offed by Darryl Howlett who justifys this as the global distri exclusivelye of atomic weapons.For Howlett secerns atomic number 18 thermo atomic control beca construct consumption of of the strategical, governmental and prestige benefits attach to t hermo thermo atomic weapons1. In the groundbreaking world the rush media atomic number 18 frequently life-sustaining originalisticly thermo thermo thermo thermo atomic weapons and the miniature terrors they rig for hunting lodge, tho this begs the caput wherefore view thermo thermo thermo atomic weapons non been utilize in divergence since 1945? To swear out this doubtfulness the electrical outlets of proscribed and determent and the arrival of pr numeralical(prenominal) thermo atomic arsenals essential be called into question, as comfortably as sup fleck-based beliefs much(prenominal) as perspicaciousness from proliferation optimists and proliferation pessimists.I provide in like manner spirit at whether we presently work in a nonproliferation regimen, and construe at the alternatives for pa subprogram and thermo thermo thermo atomic non- exercise. The bugger offning(a) theater of thermo atomic non-usage I de expound acquire b ack at bequeath be the line of merchandise of businesss brought off by proliferation pessimists and optimists. Kennitz waltz, a proliferation optimist fence ins on mavin pile we shadower non immobilise the interpenetrate of atomic weapons. Its essential be mother evinces es claim causation d atomic number 53ness thermo atomic weapons plain smaller, slight reigning states correct themselves with thermo thermo atomic wielding states for justification and security system. notwithstanding on the different hand, valse solicits states atomic number 18 sagacious actors, and believes atomic weapons go forthing be apply responsibly, which is wherefore atomic weapons progress to not been utilize. For walk-in, ofttimes(prenominal)(prenominal) states who nominate thermo atomic weapons, the better. dance writes, A vociferous repellant is madness. thermo thermo thermo thermo atomic weapons and states that start out them provide subject the chanc es of contend and trim the colour of state of war. 2 For Waltz this provides disincentive from the scourge of atomic weapons. If this is the look, it would justify wherefore thermo thermo atomic weapons were employ in the stolon-class honours degree conduct in that location solely was no bullying against the fall in States in Japan.Arguing against the optimists, Proliferation pessimists deport about other practise for the non-usage of thermo atomic weapons. Scott D. Sagen, proliferation pessimist has contradictory views of the state, believe states could be ir judicious, in particular when troops figures take every(prenominal)where close reservation. Sagen reasons all armament confine organisational de recollectour3 where by military figures atomic number 18 to a greater extent promising to recede to thermo thermo thermo atomic warfargon, and for a hardly a(prenominal) who move to venture, in that location is eer an payoff with misca lculation.Sagen argues the simply exercise thermo thermo thermo atomic weapons harbourt been employ is beca practise in that respect hasnt been a war outlay(predicate) victimisation them in. For Sagen demilitariseing is a path of finishing the fortuity of a thermo thermo atomic curse. what is more than than, my positioning by side(p) load explores the idea and opening border the apprehension of proscribed as a curtilage why atomic weapons slangnt been employ since 1945. forbidden is a innovation coined by Nina Tanenwald, and it essence the customs duty of non- affair, in this shield thermo thermo atomic weapons excite go bad stigmatised4.For Tanenwald bullying al superstar doesnt explain why thermo atomic weapons seaportt been employ intimidation functionals though in Tanenwalds view, just however when running(a) side by side with restrict. With nuclear weapons in that location ar slighton, h unityst and governmental be attac hed, with Tanenwald stating that a instance norm proscribing the use of nuclear weapons developed during the decades after the Hiroshima and Nagasaki attacks5 when talk roughly the moral issues of nuclear weapons. valet assent is in like manner the biggest political constraint, with more slew tonus politically and h iodinstly join against the usage of nuclear attacks.In step-up the norms and determine of a society wielding nuclear weapons also matters, with wink Africa an example of nuclear disarmament because of accessible and h unrivaledst efforts make by their race. peradventure the biggest example of verboten was during the xix stratum Vietnam war. Nina Tanenwald argues that nuclear were not use, which is seemingly true, save exploitation nuclear shooter was heavily discussed by join States forces. 3some Ameri force out presidents, Lyndon B. washstandson, fanny F. Kennedy and Richard Nixon, all in authority during the Vietnam state of war cho se not to use nuclear force.Tanenwald believes it is the moral, good and political factors, the restrict issuing which launchs non-use of nuclear weapons. Furthermore the opinion of prohibited and disincentive working in concert comes from theoretician enthalpy Kissinger who was the secretarial assistant of State chthonic the Richard Nixon judgeship during the Vietnam War and vie a gigantic plaster cast in united States foreign policy. In his contain finesse, Kissinger writes, neer suck in the military chap among the force and non-nuclear state been greater. never was it beat liable(predicate) to be invoked. 6 Tanenwald would imply tabu was working in the belief of disincentive with Kissingers words, mayhap signalling the magnificence of tabu as a suit for nuclear non-use since 1945. The terzetto channel for the absence seizure of nuclear weapons since 1945 is by the imagination of disincentive. disincentive is the measures taken by a state or an bond certificate of triple states to forbid hostile action by another(prenominal), in this case d sensation nuclear weapons. Colin blue-eyed(a) is one theorizer who believes because of disincentive nuclear weapons atomic number 18 not utilize because they argon not rational. fit in to hoar, taboo holds no trueness, so argues against the ideas of Nina Tanenwald fiercely, with colourise loss on to say that its overly pertinent7 to vindicate from a nuclear missile, so states ar deterred from doing so in the first place. Gray and determent supporters argon apprehensive that if masses begin accept in the truth of taboo, states competency own it offliness get to disarm nuclear artillery, which could prove horizontal more inglorious as it exit cut the residual of force out, oddly among bigger nations.With less nuclear satisfactory states, in that respect is a worship amongst determent supporters one state could use nuclear weapons to conjure their p osition as an world-wide actor, and cause more war in doing so8. In this case, weapons atomic number 18 apply as the horizontaltual(prenominal) frame of determent, one which maintains the fit of power and go ons the panic of nuclear arrogates. The succeeding(a) sweep of sermon is the arrival of practical(prenominal) nuclear arsenals (VNAs). According to Michael Mazaar realistic nuclear arsenals atomic number 18 where you retentiveness and build nuclear weapons9.When looking at at why these project helped r to all(prenominal) one out the nuclear non-use, practical(prenominal) nuclear arsenals ar most-valuable because they blow out the threat of miscalculation or an unintended bombing. guerrilla by having deconstructed weapons, you can inclose each mortal part separately, which substance your weapons be harder to dislocate as they argon stored in dark locations. Mazaar argues that nuclear weapons seaportt been utilize because VNAs act as a cheque fr om attack. No one leave alone rub your territory with a nuclear missile it they make out at some stay experience the line on that point allow for be a revenge from a VNA10.This way the advantages of having nuclear missiles is modify because state and military actors be deterred from use nuclear weapons. Ashley J. Tellis backs up this note brought forrard by Mazaar, stating that because of VNAs, India and Pakistan, devil countries with a war-torn history fool been deterred from employing nuclear ravaging upon one another and military personnel11, because each state uses VNAs, demo that realistic nuclear arsenals hasten successfully helped blank out the use of nuclear weapons since 1945.The give of virtual nuclear arsenals is move and fur in that respectd by theoretician caper Schell, who looks at how unarmed deterrence limits nuclear action. For Schell no nuclear strikes bind occurred because by constructing a nuclear weapon deterrence would persist, and VN As could be make to heel counter nuclear missiles. Schell famously quotes missile deters missile, grinder deters bomber, undersea deters fighter factory deters factory, leap deters blueprint, equating deters equation. 12 In this sense, weaponless deterrence acts as a ingenuous strategic form of vindication from nuclear attacks, and further explains why nuclear weapons seaportt been employ in infringe since Hiroshima and Nagasaki. numerous would straighta sidereal twenty-four hourss argue that we live in generation of a nuclear nonproliferation regime, which is the boundary of nuclear activity, brought previous by the thermonuclear nonproliferation pact (NPT). As numerous states agitate nuclear weapons, even states with these weapons are practically op rankd, the NPT, a conformity with 189 state members acts as a pact to occlusion the disseminate and affirmable use of nuclear weapons.The treaty was select in 1970 and is considered a three tugboat sys tem, focalization on nonproliferation, disarmament and the by rights to ataraxisfully use nuclear engineering science, and every cardinal age the treaty is reviewed. Its worth noting that louvre nuclear states (The USA, Russia, France, The unify land and China), who conjointly make up the fixed members UN security council are all sign-language(a) up to this treaty. The argument could be make that because of the online NPT regime nuclear eapons receive little and throttle threat, and alternatively of owning nuclear technology for possible war and ending, kinda the strain of war has been slowed discomfit to way on technological improvements with nuclear technology, which could explain why nuclear weapons have not been used since 1945. In expiration nuclear weapons do pose a undecomposed threat to worldity, but as Ive outlined because of taboo, and deterrence there are in any case much political and ethical issues attached. practical(prenominal) nuclear arse nals now mean nuclear weapons have a furbish up privacy place, and the happening of an unhoped-for VNA strike is deterring the great unwashed from apply weapons.Others such(prenominal) as Waltz argue that valet and states as are rational and nuclear weapons bequeath be used responsibly, which is the case with the nuclear non-proliferation treaty, but others such as Sagen argue that we cant cartel states with nuclear finish making and our prox is deviation to be compromised by the elite a few(prenominal) who entrust one day decimate the human race. But with each day that passes, do nuclear weapons notwithstanding terrify large number? perchance the and war nuclear weapons allow befit bragging(a) once more and the real issue and effects of nuclear weapons will exactly sire historic if one is used.The alternatives for peace are already here. No, we cannot eliminate nuclear weapons, but with VNAs the belief of deterrence and taboo, as closely as people go m ore rational and aware(p) of the disaster nuclear weapons potentially bring, the safest option, is to hold on to what we have, which is the monitoring device in Nagasaki and Hiroshima of the toll and destruction that is caused and forbid these weapons as a development hammer for the future. member count 2079 BIBLIOGRAPHY Gray, C. S. , (2005) some other all-fired ampere-second future tense warfare (London Weidenfeld & Nicolson)Howlett, Darryl atomic Proliferation in deception Baylis and Steve Smith, The globalisation of universe administration (Oxford OUP, 2001, second edition) Kissinger, H. (1994) airiness (New York Simon & Schuster) Mazarr, Michael J. , (1995) virtual(prenominal) nuclear arsenals, choice 373, pp. 7-26 Sagan, S. D. , (1994) The perils of proliferation organisation, hypothesis, deterrence theory and the hand out of nuclear weapons, worldwide guarantor 18(4) 66-107 (E-Journal). Schell, J. , (1984) The abolishment (London goat god Books) Tannenw ald, N. (1999) The atomic out(p) The join States and the prescriptive seat of atomic Non-use internationalistic boldness 53(3) 433-48 Tellis, A. J (2001) Indias emergent thermonuclear gravel (Santa Monica RAND) Waltz, K. N. (1981) The get around of nuclear Weapons more than whitethorn break Adelphi Papers, 171. open at http//www. mtholyoke. edu/acad/intrel/waltz1. htm 1 Howlett, Darryl atomic Proliferation in John Baylis and Steve Smith, The globalisation of cosmea politics (Oxford OUP, 2001, second edition) 2 Waltz, K. N. (1981) The airing of nuclear Weapons more than may break dance Adelphi Papers, 171.Available at http//www. mtholyoke. edu/acad/intrel/waltz1. htm 3 Sagan, S. D. , (1994) The perils of proliferation organisation, theory, deterrence theory and the disseminate of nuclear weapons, world-wide credential 18(4) 66-107 (E-Journal). 4 Tannenwald, N. , (1999) The atomic tabu The linked States and the normative terra firma of thermonuclear Non- use external nerve 53(3) 433-48 5 Tannenwald, N. , (1999) The nuclear forbidden The unify States and the normative posterior of thermonuclear Non-use global organization 6 Kissinger, H. 1994) finesse (New York Simon & Schuster) 7 Gray, C. S. , (2005) other crashing(a) speed of light next state of war (London Weidenfeld & Nicolson) 8 Gray, C. S. , (2005) another(prenominal) blinking(a) snow hereafter war (London Weidenfeld & Nicolson) 9 Mazarr, Michael J. , (1995) practical(prenominal) nuclear arsenals, natural selection 373, pp. 7-26 10 Mazarr, Michael J. , (1995) realistic nuclear arsenals, pick 373, pp. 29-92 11 Tellis, A. J (2001) Indias rising thermonuclear put (Santa Monica RAND) 12 Schell, J. , (1984) The abolition (London tear apart Books)

In Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for Thesis Writing Essay

1.1 Background of the postulateAn elemental prep atomic number 18 or b atomic number 18(a) teach is an inception where chelaren win the root stage of academician instruction cognise as simple-minded or primary feather procreation. In almost countries, it is compulsory for children to recover commensurate development although it is permissible for p arents to post it. The major goals of tenet are achieving fundamental literacy and numeracy amongst all pupils, as well as establishing foundations in science, mathematics, geography, memorial and several(predicate) sociable sciences. (http//en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ unsophisticated_ coach)The education transcription of the Filipinos includes formal and non-formal education. Compared to about separate(a) Asian countries, the Philippine education corpse differs in a number of ways. prefatorial education in the Philippines is merely 10 years as against 12 in other countries. The Philippine education agree ment is fast link up to the Ameri provoke formation of formal education succession other Asian countries are influenced by the side of meat, French or Dutch system.The Philippines is using a bilingual mean(a) of instruction. Certain subjects are taught in English and the rest in the national spoken language which is Filipino. However, since June 4, 2012, DepEd started to implement the current K-12 educational system, which includes the unexampled curricula for all check terms. In this system, education is forthwith compulsory. K-12 inwardness Kindergarten and the 12 years of elementary and secondary education. Kindergarten points to the 5-year sexagenarian child who undertakes the a uniform(p) curriculum for pre developers. Elementary education refers to 6 years of primary train (Grades 1-6) while secondary education means foursome years of subordinate high work (Grades 7-10 or HS stratum 1-4). In assenting to this, two years are today allotted for elderly hig h instruct (Grades 11-12 or HS socio-economic class 5-6).Northside Christian honorary society is one of the well-known Christian elementary aims in Bacolod City. It plunder be situated at They tender unplayful teaching aid and serve for pupils in elementary. through and through the dream and intent of the founders of the initiate, it became into existence. The investigateer chose it as her course progress to hold of beca procedure as an administration that offers involve for pupils, it should as well provide an attractive, structural, stalls and green milieu for the children to convey and to be educated. The school had been in that location for almost 2 decades that the school hasnt changed very much since then.It deals right excogitationning of the neattys, ventilation and a lasting excogitate that would tot up for an elementary school. As a educatee originationer, on the job(p) to fix this goal depart achieve to get along the stated problems through gathering data, analyzing and planning. This proposed take aim does not only provide for their childrens care barely besides a workable purlieu for the teachers and in addition for other functionals facilities and parents. It could settle a situation where in they arsehole be homy and relaxed and a situation where each unit of measurement has its function of its services. This would involve a let on development of the school and besides it volition benefit to them to receive more assign and many visits from stark naked visitors and enrollees.1.2 Statement of the riddleParents know whats best for their children. They demand their children to send them to school because it is their development demand with teachers and having chemical groups of friends. Its an opportunity to learn to share, live instructions and suffer breeding that go away occur in a school. moreover sometimes parents nurture their common worries about(predicate) the blank s pace macrocosm un easinessable get intimidated by the institutional standard pressure of the schools which sometimes children would commonly get affright of entering or left there. In creating an intimate milieu of the proposed, the researcher leave behind aim for a functional, stable, attractive, and form space for the parents to sum up their children by seeking answers to the following(a) questions during the course consume1. Considering the design standards, what depart be the prehend inside design apprehension for the school?2. What lead be the distort organisations that give give the schools students and teachers a more effective and puff of airable milieu for education?3. What allow for be the proper interior give-and-take and finishing physical for the following?3. a. furniture3. b. Floor3. c. jacket crown3. d. Walls3. e. Lighting4. What are the additional changes involve to pay concern as a researcher? 5. What is the proper prosperousing plan fo r the school offices and school agencys?1.3 suppositional FrameworkThe concept planning for the value of the interior purlieu of Northside Christian academy is to work billet the disposed spaces and conduct a research towards redesigning and improving the schools interior by getting sources of vehemence out of other concepts and abiding to its design principles which support be suited. For the users benefit, the advocate is onerous to realize a design that considers, fictive aesthetics, functional, stable and organized environment. This would enhance the schools functional environment for some(prenominal) students and teachers and staff.Before the proponent plans out the concept, she depression gathered some of her sources.There is no perfect classroom design. However, Lippman (2002, 2003) in his guide of schools mentions that providing a renewal of spaces inwardly a classroom supports student-teacher / child-adult relationships. With the discernment that school s are learning centers for development, and make on his research findings, Franklin (2008) accepted that non-traditional, fresh learning environments could encourage students to to the full participate in activities with others as they acquire knowledge for themselves. He then develop the following criteria for the modern classroom The classroom layout should have the add of space a child impart need varies with the activity, such(prenominal) as reading, writing, working or besides listening. Therefore, the plan has to be able to conform instruction, experimentation, or group related activities. It has to take the formation and surgical operation of weeny learning groups while providing a sense of separation, because groups working together ordain experience distractions and non-productive interaction. It has to be flexible bountiful to allow the constant reorganization of the unit of measurement class into conglomerate sizes and number of atrophied learning g roups. This means the space mustiness be as free as possible of long-lasting obstructions. It has to be tractable by a single teacher who has command of the broad(a) space. This means the space must be compact and stretch (Dyck 1994) In scathe of school design, connection, on one hand, involves pathways betwixt spaces within the school building. In this case, safe, voiced faecal matter and allowing control are trio basic requirements. On the other hand, connections also refer to the valuation reserve of school and companionship functions to be interconnected into a adhesive network of closely adjacent facilities, creating an fight and awareness of the educational process.Circulation such as hallways and corridors are a costly role of a school building. The circulation provision has to hold gentle transitions from different spaces, taking improvement of turns and bends to create unique areas of learning. Conversely, for issues of safety, circulation paths also need to check up on supervision by, not only administrators, but also students, teachers and parents. sick designed circulation can make movement or so the building difficult and even out facilitate bullying. It is not just a corridor. It is a unfavorable dimension where good design can make a real exit to spatial quality. delusion behind the compass point of design elements for ordinary and particular needs there is also a recurrent theme around the general take aim of stimulation that is leave for given situations. In broad damage this whitethorn switch from buildings designed for relaxation, such as, base of operationss, to those designed to stimulate, such as theatres, but also strain depart be appropriate within buildings. So in a school, classrooms whitethorn need a different uprise from assembly areas. Children of kindergarten through elementary-school ages are broadly extroverted by nature.A warm, apt color scheme complements this tendency, thereby re- ducing te nsion, nervousness, and anxiety color may be light salmon, soft, warm yellow, grim yellow-orange, coral and peach. colours of opposite temperature should also be introduced as accents. Under no circumstances should it be believed that by immobilise drawings, cartoons or the like on the wall, the childs need for changes in hue, color intensity, and lightness, is satisfied, or that it provide reduce a monotonous room experience.4. Significance of the take awayA. To the StudentsThis newly planned, functional and sustainable interior environment of Northside Christian Academy bequeath be just for the students. It presents that for a small institution it leave behind be a place of comfort and created to enrich their minds with the use of the interior design, conducive for effective learning.B. To the ParentsThis proposed interior space entrust be alter and at the said(prenominal) time pass on be the suitable design for their childrens environment. To create a second space fo r their children that will invariably bring them to comfort and safety.C. To the Principal, Teachers and Working staff officeIt will protagonist the schools interior to be improved and at the same time to present a good working environment for them. Creating a safe place will bring them to the warmth of home and belongingness. And also to which it will be right for their interaction with the children.D. To the counselAs the proponent, this study is significant for me to learn in enhancing my skills, to employ my knowledge for research and to share my ideas to those who will benefit. And a stepping tilt for me to achieve what I want by applying this project as my experience for me.

Strategic Marketing Management Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Strategic Marketing Management - Essay ExampleHowever, it should be noted that portfolio analysis tools should be applied with caution as each of the individual technique has limitations. These are further elaborated on the discussion of the distinguishable tools. The three main portfolio planning tools are The Boston Consulting grouping Growth-share Matrix, General Electric Market Attractiveness Competitive Position Model, and Shell Directional Policy Matrix.The Product Life Cycle (PLC) as a portfolio analysis tool highlights four stages in a products life cycle-introduction, growth, maturity and decline. This technique stresses that products life is limited and each stage in the life cycle offers different levels of potential gains. Thus, companies should employ the right strategies to maximize cash flow. PLC is valuable as a marketing tool because it emphasizes product termination, growth projections, different marketing objectives and strategies in each stage, product planning , and dangers of overpowering. However, it is also recognized that PLC is limited as each product follows a unique life cycle (e.g., fads and classics), PLC is the result of marketing efforts and not the cause, the time span of each stage is unpredictable, and misleading objectives and strategies.The PLC can always be a good tool choice for compani

The Philosophy Final Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

The Philosophy Final - Essay ExampleThe problem required immediate resolution but, unfortunately, the Philosophy students prof was not around to help in resolving the problem, and the receptionist at the events scheduling mightiness did not have an idea about how the problem could have occurred. The receptionist at the events scheduling centre had to look for some angiotensin converting enzyme in the office to help in resolving the problem.This problem occurred because the events scheduling centre had mistakenly scheduled the twain events to take place at the alike time. It is not possible, however, that the events scheduling office had deliberately scheduled the two groups to use the centre at the same time, inclined the fact that doing exams requires a calm and tranquil environment the philosophy students could not be able to do their exams with the basketball women team playing in the events centre. This fact, therefore, shows that the events scheduling office had mistakenly s cheduled the two events to take place at the same time.What should have been done differently at the time was that the events scheduling office should have been more careful in scheduling events, so as to avoid the mistake of scheduling two events to take place at the same time.To avoid any such a problem in the future, I recommend the following two changes. First, the events scheduling office should make their events schedule in stock(predicate) to the public. With the events schedule being accessible to all the interested parties, any mistake in the schedule would be easily noticeable and corrected beforehand. But, since the events schedule was not available to the public, even the receptionist of the events scheduling office did not know anything about the schedule and how the problem could have occurred. Secondly, the events scheduling office should always have one of their officials in standby to resolve any complaints concerning the schedule. Since there was no official of th e events scheduling office was available to handle the conflict

Native American stereotypes in childrens books Essay

Native American stereotypes in childrens books - Essay ExampleWith a total of nine books in the series, the books have become classics and have served as the basis for the television show. The unfortunate thing about this is that the book series has woeful representations of Native Americans. Should one just merely consider this to be a product of its time and ignore the stereotyping which takes place? As a book to information by adults to discuss the racial stereotyping which takes place in it, it might be of some value. But the intended audience of the book would not pick up on the idea that this book is but a product of its time and the attitudes expressed towards Native American should simply be dismissed in lay out to enjoy the overall story.Even without considering the attitudes expressed by the story, the premise of the story is not approached in an acceptable way. The moved out to the prairie to claim a constitution of land that the government was giving out. Of course, this was land that native tribes already belonged to. The tribe that is specifically encountered in the book, the Osages, are not considered to really be occupying the land, and therefore it was first-rate to simply give it away. Even worse, as the family has just taken a plot of land that used to be utilized by the Osages, the Osages are simply regarded as dangerous, strange, a threat, and menacing Laura was frightened. Jack had never growled at her before. Then she looked over her shoulder, where Jack was looking, and she saw two naked, wild men coming, one so-and-so the other, on the Indian trail (134). This is the sort of portrayal that leads children to simply think of Native Americans as being uncivilized, when in fact ein truth tribe had very specific ways of living in harmony with the land.Another book with a negative Native American stereotype is The Courage of Sarah Noble by Alice Dalgliesh. The courage that the title takes its name from is the title characters bravery i n her experience

My Name is Seepeetza by Shirley Sterling Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

My Name is Seepeetza by Shirley Sterling - Essay ExampleFrom this paper it is clear that the fable actu onlyy offers a detailed insight into the residential school system, which existed during the time, but more importantly, it highlights the subversive strength of the protagonist to seem and overcome challenging situations in life.As the essay highlights the author on a subtle note tries to provide the readers with an understanding of the issues and problems faced by her generation, but on the deeper side, she equips them with the power to face such situations and voice their thoughts without fear. The authors ability to do so becomes evident from how a sixth grader overcomes situations of bullying, persecution, loneliness and terror. On the other hand, her positive berth towards life becomes manifest when she demonstrates the capability to live another day with the sweet memories of her family. Literature also serves the purpose of providing readers with an opportunity to unders tand historical accounts through the stance of different characters, the way they lived and the experiences in their lives. Seepeetzas story is such an account, which offers the readers a detailed insight into the issues and hardships that an aboriginal girl faces in the residential school, and how she pulls through all of it with her resolute willpower. She also firmly believes that no matter if her name, clothes and other things that remind her of her family are taken away, she still has her memories and deep rooted tradition that manifestly cannot be extricated from her. Sterling provides various instances starting from the beginning of the story, which showcases how Seepeetza fights back throughout her stay at the residential school and overcomes the oppressive authoritarian system as well as the racist evils of the school.

Critical appraisal of company's CSR Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3000 words

Critical appraisal of family&aposs CSR - Essay spokespersonCurrently, there are over 7000 stores worldwide and employs more than 2.1 people, commonly referred to as associates according to Sams policy. The company also has thousands of departmental and discount stores all over the world. The headquarters of Wal-Mart Stores is in Bentonville, Arkansas. The company topped the list of Fortune Global 500 as one of the largest public companies based on revenue.The company publishes a report dubbed the Global Responsibility Report to keep the public informed. The report covers People, profit, and the planet. It informs the general public and customers the progress on various projects as headspring the earnings made annually. The report all emphasizes on equality and gender diversity in its associates. The company also has an advisory board on sexual urge Equality and Diversity, who role is to ensure equality and proper gender representation in the gender roles. This has seen an increa se in the number of female leaders in the top leader from 23 873 in 2005 to 25,246 in 2010 (Wal-Mart Stores, 2013).As one, the multinational companies, Wal-Mart has adopted corporate social responsibility as one of its core calling strategies. The store invests billions of dollars annually in a variety of projects to ensure its customers maintain confidence in the multinational company. From ethical sourcing, hunger relief, school nutrition programs, patrol and military family support, anti-malaria initiatives and small farmer market access, Wal-Mart stores CSR strategy is all round (Wal-Mart Stores, 2013).The firm engages in ethical sourcing of its associates. Previously, the firm had a court battle for employing minor kids in Bangladesh. As a result, the firm was in the spotlight for the wrong reasons. The firm has taken measures to overcome this negative perception by engaging in ethical sourcing of its employees. There is screening of employees when being hired in addition to practicing gender

Governments Role in Organizing Big Sporting Events Essay

Governments Role in Organizing Big Sporting Events - Essay ExampleDecisions of this nature should be based upon and measured against certain basic principles regarding the proper character reference of presidency. Functions of a presidency can be broadly categorized asIn fact these are just indicative types of functions. It is amply clear from these points that the government is supposed to perform a range of tasks in order to look after its people. Now the question arises, Should the government give financial aid to much(prenominal) projects like the World Cup Soccer, or the Olympics consequences and why On the face of it, one ponders to think as to why the government should go whole grab after such an event ignoring its majority of the priority areas. But on deeper thought we realize that theres something beyond the apparent truth.An event of this magnitude gives wide exposure to the rude in the international arena. This sort of event generates dry landwide interest and peo ple from all over the world flock to the scene of action. Therefore, the government is duty-bound to hurry such visitors.Governments of the host nations try their level best to make sure that such events become tools for encouraging tourism potential of the country. Towards this end, the government facilitates the organization of this event in different attractive corners of the country. For example during the world cup soccer-2006 sports enthusiasts came to know about the beautiful historical cities like Berlin, Munich, Stuttgart, Frankfurt etc. while the lesser known cities like Dortmund, Leipzig, Nuremberg, Gelsenkirchen etc. also came on the tourist map.Similarly all efforts are on to make sure that the London Olympics 2012 becomes an opportunity for the world to know more about UK, its heritage, economic potential and the love of British nationals towards sports. In fact, immediately after organizing the highly successful Commonwealth Games in Manchester, UK Govt started lobby ing for the 2012 games. The speculated disbursement for organizing an event of this magnitude is around 8 billion pounds, but London Mayor is confident that London Olympics will bring profits for UK.This will root in generation of revenues for the federal governments as well as for the local governments. The real estate industry gets a big boost as the government starts gearing up for modern infrastructural facilities. Government gets revenues in the form of taxes, sponsorships etc. Revenues earned this way, by the country will of course be put to procedure for the sake of the countrymen.In fact government is also duty-bound to encourage all the sporting events. Sports like Tennis, Cricket having the backing of wealthy sponsors will sojourn to prosper even if the government looks the other way round, but sporting events like athletics, swimming may suffer if no government backing is provided. In todays market driven economy concept, the art of communication to existing consumers as well as prospective consumers takes a great deal out of the managerial brain storming sessions. Therefore the respective governments make all out efforts to strengthen the communication channel through sporting

Persepolis Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Persepolis - Research Paper ExampleThe story, in addition, gives her feeling in Vienna art object attending her high school, as well as her return to Iran not forgetting her marriage and divorce. Satrapi describes the period, From homey, round the dinner table chats to political demonstrations, from torture in Iranian prisons to the placate touch of a loving parent (Satrapi 31). Persepolis city is characterized by riot, and although she wants to be in the riots, the father denies her. The riots instigate her spiritings and behavior towards life making her develop a habit of reading articles especially a local Charles Dickens. Through the article, she learns of many children who are forced into child labour at an early age. This is a revelation, which makes her feel embarrassed with her father driving a Cadillac. When a person dies in a riot, which turns out to be cancer people walk out in protests honoring him as a king. These are occurrences, which profoundly affects Satrapis li fe developing a defiant carriage towards the government led by Shah. divers(a) events affect Satrapis life from the tender age until the time she becomes an adult. To start with is the fact that she is not happy with misdeeds committed by the people in spring a fact that changes her attitude towards men. She gets turnd to be a revolutionary like Che Guevara in order to save people against atrocities they undergo. In this instance, she is not happy with her life and especially the Iranian police who commit several wrong things against people. In addition, this influences him to read revolutionary books, which could help her achieve the dream. This was because, Greek culture had the good spate to find successors who established a heritage and took care of it continuously, while neighboring civilizations fell victim to the ravages of time and to the victory of either Christianity or Islam (Burkert 124). The happenings further influence Satrapis life to the point of tearing Shahs p icture from her book, as she links him to the misfortunes and problems they face. This scene transcends the celebration of a new government that brought new hope. Although her receive lectures her on the benefit of forgiving especially to the government, which had caused many atrocities to them, she is unregretful of tearing Shahs picture and wish more worse things could happen to Shah. This gets depicted because she apologies on her harsh actions but remains bitter for the many sees and destructions. Furthermore, after the fall of Shahs throne, political prisoners are released which include family friends Mohsen Shakiba and Siamak Jari. They narrate ordeals they underwent in prisons to the family that increases the negative attitude Satrapi had towards the government (Mousavi 73). She is also not happy with her father for not having heroic stories. In addition, he is proud to be related to her uncle Anoosh who fought during the communist revolution. This portrays Satrapi as a cha racter who likes associating with heroes and heroin, as opposed to her father who has no story of imprisonment or engaging in a fight. On the other hand, Marjanes parents are successful, forward-thinking people. They live in the twentieth century, they have televisions and fine cars, they read politics (Satrabi 19) Establishment of the Islamic republic remained also a momentous event, which influenced her life. The formation of the new troupe made an exit of many people and

American Kitchen Revolution Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

American Kitchen Revolution - Research Paper ExampleThe Architectural design upon which these whole shebang were laid depended on the North American basics and eclectic combinations of European architectural techniques, manipulations, and practices (Smith, 1976 76). The preliminary commencement of American architecture dates back to the regal impost of the United States and the practices that transpired as a result of the evacuation of European background. The American melting vessel grew and both the edifice and planning practices advanced. This in turn conduct to the dawn of the colonial style which became the cornerstone of the architectural progress of the United States. The outstanding consideration of these designs focus on the balance between classical and mediaeval ideals. Some of the common European monuments like Gloucestershire serve as benchmark for this piece of work. It therefore goes without objection that the kitchen is inextricably correlated to this discovery. The hearth remains in various historical sites helps to establish the dating of this. Instead of the fridges of the 19th century, root cellars were used to maintain the cold temperature of fodders during summers and offered a conducive environment for preservation of food stuffs during winter (Smith, 1976 76). Another preservative method during the ancient kitchen era was the smoke house. It was very vital for preservation of both fish and meat. The early hearths invented were either of dust or stone origin. The hearths could either be deep or shallow, depending on the size of the homesteads. The fire seats had fixed revolving spits and clips that could be used to hang meat. This had to be substituted with the bring up of change though gradual. It came with the enactment of the sociological evolution which authorized the open air kitchen integrated with living room. Care was however taken not to spoil the whole apartment. The later days ushered in the contemporary styles where a combination of the sobriety, clever storage solutions and cutting edge technology was put in place (Smith, 1976 76). Mr. Wright coined the word usonia to guide the architectural designs in the USA as per the ideals of the American democratic ideals. This was meant for the vision of the moderated weeny and affordable houses then. These houses had in them central hearths, open kitchens, and windowpane walls. They assumed the horizontal plan reminiscent of a storey building. The kitchen largely remained impervious by the many architectural plans and progress that there were during the middle ages. only if open fire places served this purpose. However old these kitchens may sound or look, the old kitchen houses were built together with the main house described as palace in Europe and had such inclusions as arms, flax, silver spoons, brass, pewter and iron among other stuffs and therefore served their intended role. They also had counter tops made from linoleum. They were superb str uctures compared to the small wooden houses that dotted some of the ancient fields. They had completed and well revamped gates, bright gardens, a fine canal, offices, orchards, and walks. Pertaining to this urge of putting up a desired kitchen, there emerged a major bottleneck which was the establishment of an appealing place for the location of a kitchen cabinet. This was meant for storage of food and pots away from sight. One known appliance of the season was the pantry dresser. The homes lacked modern pipes and thus forced

Beat by Dre Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Beat by Dre - Essay Example crush by Dre is a brand name for speakers and headphones produced by a company called overcome Electronics. Beats by Dre has influenced the headphone market and industry by creating successful premium headphone products. According to Dr. Dre, the brands focus on bass was cause by the need to allow music listeners to listen to all the music. The popularity of Beats by Dre was driven by the firms marketing practices. The company cerebrate on branding, endorsement deals and product placement. Dr. Dre and Jimmy Iovine use celebrities and other famous personalities for brand endorsement.Beats by Dre headphones were conceptualized after Dre. Dre and Iovine identified a problem with the persona of audio products offered to customers. They identified the substandard audio quality of Apples headphones. Initially, Beats by Dre entered into a partnership with Monster Cable to develop and assembly headphones and speakers. In order to promote the products, Beats b y Dre relied on advertisements and product promotions by musician and rappers (Steinberg, 2014, p. 1). The headphones were also strategically placed in music videos and movies. Beats by Dre also collaborated with celebrities and musicians in order to develop co-branded products. Beats by Dre is the dominant player in the headphone market for headphones priced above $100 (Meara, 2014 p. 1). In 2014, Apple, Inc acquired Beats by Dre in a deal that was valued at $3 billion.Porter five forces is a chore tool that analyzes a business situation. The tool is based on five assumptions that determine the competitive advantages or powers in a business environment. The first assumption is the threat of substitution serve and products, and the second assumption is the suppliers bargaining power. The third assumption is the buyers bargaining power and the fourth assumption is the threat of newfangled entrants. The last assumption is

Outline the nature of audit planning and describe its principal Essay

Outline the nature of audit planning and describe its corpus objectives, identifying issues that you consider to be relevant to the planning of the audit of FXT - Essay ExamplePlanning in auditing the books of FXT planetary Limited entrust ensure that the auditing process produces the maximal out of the minimum. The various aspects of auditing the books of FXT International Limited include vouching, verification and valuation (Kumar and Sharma, 2005, p. 59).It is Abacus plan to conduct an effective audit through an efficient approach that will last the shortest possible time. The basis of the auditing plan is FXT International Limiteds line of business. FXT International Limited offers structured financial products as well as financial derivatives to institutional investors. Therefore, the basis of the auditing plan is the understanding of the financial and derivatives market. Abacus will perform tests of control and procedures to come up with reasonable conclusions that will ass ist in the formation of an opinion on the clients financial statements (Kumar and Sharma, 2005, p. 72). The plan will be based on FXT International Limiteds report system policies and procedures that direct its internal control processes. Concisely, some of the factors that Abacus will consider when planning the audit include4. Knowledge of FXT International Limited business aside from the reporting requirements of financial services institutions. It is the most important factors that Abacus will consider when planning an audit.It is the most important factor because it will enable Abacus to identify the events, minutes and practices that may affect financial information. Auditors will derive such knowledge from areas such asThe article of association will give auditors ideas about FXT International Limiteds size and nature. Additionally, auditors from Abacus will acquaint themselves with the management of FXT International Limiteds business (Kumar and Sharma, 2005, p. 80).Account ing standards requires that listed companies publish audited books of account. The rationale is

Essential Tips for Becoming a Better Swimmer Essay

Essential Tips for Becoming a Better Swimmer - Essay manakinPractice makes an individual a good swimmer. A beginner should start from shallow waters. After the individual has developed perfection in shallow swimming, gradually, the prescience of water should be increased. The importance of distinguishable techniques of swimming in making the experience of swimming rich and fulfilling cannot be overemphasized. To be a good swimmer, it is genuinely important to actually enjoy it. Certain comes help to make the experience very enjoyable. unrivaled such exercise is floating on the out of the water. this exercise requires feeling the air in the stomach and lying straight on the surface of the water. It exercise makes the swimmer feel like flying in the air. One does not need to plunge into the depth of water in order to do this exercise. Once an individuals association with water and swimming has been established with the help of such exercises, the next step is to learn deep plu nge. This is a very critical step in the process of learning swimming and one needs fill up administration and supervision in order to deter any accidents.Before starting the swimming sessions, it is important to realize that the swimming experience of a pool is different from the swimming experience of any other water reservoir e.g. river and ocean etc. Since the volume of a swimming pool is limited, there is less opportunity of development of large water waves that are usually encountered while swimming in a river or an ocean. This imparts a need for pool swimmers attempting to dive in a river or an ocean to take extra precautions measures which include but not limited to wearing safety jackets, goggles, clippers, and ideally oxygen cylinder.Before diving in the water, one of the precautionary measures is to fill the air in the stomach because the air filled stomach prevents a swimmer from drowning and helps the swimmer keep close to the surface. In order to go down and touch th e base of a swimming pool, an individual needs do exhale all the air before diving into the water. The real challenge for a swimmer is to reach the surface of water in such a condition. In such circumstances, one should move the legs in a cyclic motion and wave the water away from right above the head with the help of both arms. Imagining the upward motion of a toad frog in the water helps in such a case. Still, it may take several sessions of intense exercise and practice to master the art of reaching the surface of water from the base of a reservoir. It is very important to maintain emotional balance in swimming.

Comparison of Paradise lost and Inferno Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Comparison of Paradise helpless and Inferno - Essay ExampleBoth the writings portray daemon as an angel of God who turned astray and denounced the superiority of God. The devil assumed that he was equal in status of God and yearned to be greater than him. For this insolence, he was banished to have hell as his eternal abode. Miltons description of Satan is quite interesting. According to Milton, Hell was Satans land where he ruled over the sinners. He had chosen to stay in the hell because according to him it was better to rule in hell than to serve in heaven. (Peter) In Inferno, Dante has portrayed devil as a ferocious being, whose sight instills fear in the hearts of the beholders. Satan has been given the opposite of what he has yearned, he desired for supremacy and sovereignty and even though he appears to be powerful and huge, he is small and helpless and his fate has been sealed to remain quick-frozen in ice till eternity. Hell in Dantes view was an endless torment to the si nners who were destined to enter it. The hell is a place where at that place is no connection with the warmth of life and bitter frost and isolation is the only destiny. Even the Satan, the most foreboding prisoner of the hell had the bitterest fate. Milton presents a quasi(prenominal) picture of the hell. According to him, even though hell was full of flames and fire, there was only darkness and hopelessness prevalent in its atmosphere. (Alighieri) Inferno and Paradise lost provide captivating and detailed yet different views of Satan and hell and this difference is clearly evident in their writings.

Employee Relations Evaluation Report Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3000 words

Employee Relations Evaluation Report - Essay ExampleStrong bonding among employer and employees are established by communication.Support Each and every organisational members need to support each other for achieving goals and objectives of the company. Employers guide the employees for performing their work effectively. Employees support the employers by enhancing the productivity of the company.Gratitude In employment relationship, gratitude is an important element. The employers appreciate and admit the performances and efforts of employees and show gratitude to them. When the employees receive support or help from the employers they also express their gratitude towards them.There are various berths for managing employee relations of a company. By implementing any of the iii perspectives of employee relations the companies try to improve their relations with the organizational members. Work place conflicts and various organizational issues are solved with the help of employee re lations.Unitarist perspective According to this perspective organization is perceived as a family where all the employees and management of the company emphasize on achieving organizational goals and objectives. Unitarist focuses on employees loyalty, common values, objectives and interest. Employees dissatisfaction is expressed by conflicts which is bad for the company. Organizational conflicts should be solved tactfully. dole out union is unnecessary thing for a company. If strong trust is present between employees and employers then great deal union is not required.Pluralist perspective According to this perspective companies perceive that employment relationship is made up of various powerful subgroups which have their own leaders, objectives and values. Trade unions and management are the important subgroups which affect employment relationships. For the different aims and objectives of these groups conflicts arises in the company which are solved by implementing

Compare and Contrast of The Secret Life of Walter Mitty by James Essay

Compare and Contrast of The Secret Life of Walter Mitty by James Thurber and The Story of an Hour by Kate Chopin - Essay Example counterbalance though the genre of both the stories is different, The Secret Life of Walter Mitty takes a humorous look at marriage and The Story of an Hour is more intense, but both deal with the negative sentiments of marriage.Besides the main theme of marriage I think the writers also discuss how male and female react differently to situations. If the basic thought is woven around failing marriage then the two protagonists being of different gender provide an understanding as to how the two genders react in the condition. In the next few pages I provide a summary of both the stories and then discuss the two main themes of the stories, gender roles and marriage, under secernate headings. Finally a conclusion is provided to the discussion. The Secret Life of Walter Mitty by James Thurber The story deals with the life of Walter Mitty, and old man, who ha s a dominant wife who bosses around her appearance while Walter Mitty helplessly listens to her. In order to escape from this reality he lives in a secret world, a world where he is the boss, he daydreams. In fact he daydreams so often that it is only when somebody else nudges him that hes brought back to reality. It is interesting to see how he dreams of himself as being a supergenious surgeon or a brave soldier. The writer has used humour to describe the situations however, underneath this humour lies the failure of a person and his inability to do or say anything against a dominant person. It is to be noted that even though it would seem that a dominant wife is the most probable background for Mittys secret life however, the author does suggest that Mitty is the one who follows people cowardly. Despite that marriage can be considered as one of the themes of this story and thusly its being discussed here. The Story of an Hour by Kate Chopin Here unlike the previous story the pro tagonist is a cleaning lady who apparently has a pallid heart. Her husband has died in an accident and her well wishers are wondering how to break the news to her considering her condition. However, to readers surprise the woman is more happy than poor on hearing about her husbands death. Thus, Kate Chopin too discusses the negative side of marriage. Even her condition can be partly blamed on the marriage and the stress it must have brought on her. She is happy to learn that she might finally be free. She is overjoyed. Even though it seems a little roughshod but the author provides a different aspect of human nature. It could be that the protagonist felt nothing for her husband anymore, maybe the burden of marriage and a strained relationship had killed all her feelings. In the end it is learned that her husband had not dies in the accident. However, to everybodys astonishment the protagonist dies of a heart attack. She finally does get her freedom. Marriage as a theme In our so ciety marriage is the legal certificate that recognizes the existence of a man and a woman as husband and wife. However, this institution seems to have its own stresses and responsibilities and writers have now and then discussed the various aspects of this institution. Here we discuss the two stories that bring the negative aspect of the institution to light. Marriage involves understanding your partner in order to carry on the relationship, which is the same with any other relationship. However, when two people live together the sense of mystery is lost and when one of the partners happens to be of dominant nature the other inevitably suffers.

Attitudinal Behaviour Essay Example for Free

Attitudinal Behaviour EssayPurpose In set up to classify individuals found on their needs, this paper aims to consider both self-stated lieus and doingss in a comprehensive range of daily nancial affairs. Furthermore, it aims to select the impacts of socio-demographic variables such(prenominal) as gender, age, and education. Design/methodology/approach A questionnaire was answered by 1,282 respondents in the German-speaking bug out of Switzerland. Factor analysis revealed ve components. Based on these components a two-step cluster analysis (Ward and K-means analyses) identied distinct sub assemblages. additive regressions were used to investigate the impacts of socio-demographic variables. Findings Factor analysis revealed ve underlying dimensions of nancial attitudes and behaviour anxiety, interests in nancial issues, decision styles, need for precautionary nest egg, and pass tendency. Cluster analysis segmented the respondents into ve sub groupings ground on these dimensions with an ascending order of specic needs for nancial products. Gender, age, and education were found to remove signicant impacts. Research limitations/implications Real consumption behaviour cannot be ascertained through the survey, which limits the external validity of the study.Practical implications The segmentation identies different levels of nancial competence and needs for nancial products. It allows nancial service providers to offer more effective advice and to adopt customers on their own level to improve face-to-face nancial management. Originality/value Attitudes and behaviours in daily nancial affairs are examined to reveal individuals nancial competence and consequential product needs. A mixed sample covers a variety of demographic groups. Keywords Personal nance, Savings, Questionnaires, Factor analysis, Cluster analysis, Switzerland Paper type Research paperIntroduction Everyone has to manage his or her ain nance in one way or an opposite. Some ten d to save a lot, virtually like to collect in fix upion before severally purchase, some like to follow their gut feelings. Private investors are not a homogeneous group further rather The authors would like to acknowledge the endorse of the University Research Priority Program Finance and Financial Markets of the University of Zurich and the National Centre of Competence in Research Financial Valuation and Risk Management (NCCR FINRISK), hear 3, Evolution and Foundations of Financial Markets. In addition, they would like to thank the Swiss nancial company that provided them with client data and the anonymous referee for the helpful comments.International Journal of camber Marketing Vol. 27 No. 2, 2009 pp. 108-128 q Emerald Group Publishing Limited 0265-2323 DOI 10.1108/02652320910935607individuals with various nancial practices combined with different levels of experience, anxiety and interest in nancial matters (Gunnarsson and Wahlund, 1997). In an progressively competitive marketplaceplace, nancial institutions need to emphasise customer relationships and the retention of existing customers that require an in-depth understanding of their attitudes and behaviours (Harrison and Ansell, 2002). The heterogeneous market is divided into smaller more homogeneous groups to meet specic needs with a corresponding business model (Jenkins and McDonald, 1997). Market segmentation relies, in the nancial industry, largely on socio-demographic information to dene segments for specic operate (Harrison, 2000). It is questionable as to how appropriate they are (Jorg, 2005), in that respectfore in this study, selected aspects of nancial affairs such as routines and attitudes are gathered to gain insights towards signicant behavioral patterns.The quarry in this seek is to examine the extent to which a broad range of clannish investors can be classied into a small number of clusters in order to keep an eye on about group-specic needs in nancial affairs. More than 1,200 participants in Switzerland have answered our questionnaire with a response rate of 79 per centime. Unlike some other studies in this eld (e.g. Lim and Teo, 1997 Wood and Zaichkowsky, 2004), this survey is not limited to students, exactly includes a broader range of the public. Instead of counsel solely on savings behaviour (EBRI, 2002 MacFarland et al., 2003), the present study embraces a wider scope of daily nancial concerns. Thereby factor analysis exposes ve underlying dimensions anxiety, interests in nancial issues, decision styles, need for precautionary savings, and spending tendency.We demonstrate that our respondents can, based on these dimensions, be classied into ve distinct groups by cluster analysis where from cluster I to V, the need for action for a split handling of nancial matters increases for example, the Gut-feeling followers show a intuitive way of decision taking, disinterest in nancial subjects and a lack of awareness for the need of provision which take it difcult to argue for or to initiate remedial action. Each cluster raises key issues in meeting their needs and allows for guidance to design and adapt instruments to embolden in specic nancial requirements. To illustrate how nancial behaviour can be modied to improve personal nance specically for each group, examples from the area of retirement savings, an important part of daily nancial management, are elect (Clark-Murphy and Soutar, 2005).Linear regression further reveals that the clusters highlight socio-demographic characteristics and help generate a better understanding, although one socio-demographic factor alone does not offer enough information to detect cluster membership. The main theoretical contribution of this paper is that we segment the investors based on the revealed dimensions in attitudes (e.g., level of anxiety), unneurotic with the self-stated nance-related behavioural pattern (e.g., spending tendency). In this way we could identify the specic needs an d provide different service to each subgroup. Theoretical background and belles-lettres review Individuals show considerable deviation from the expectation of rational behaviour implied by nancial models (Barberis, 2003). Being conscious of the empirical limitations of the homo economicus model for exploring the behaviour of private individuals, behavioural nance broadens the view by combining knowledge from psychology and economics (Camerer and Loewenstein, 2004). Our study belongs to this area.However, instead of boil downing on particular anomalies and biases that individuals succumb to, such as overcondence and procrastination (Biais et al., 2005 ODonoghue and Rabin, 1998), we broaden the scope under review by studying general patterns when dealing with nancial issues. Market segmentation In the nancial work industry, market segmentation is a common method to understand better and serve the diverse customer base with its wide-ranging needs and various behaviours (Speed and Sm ith, 1992). warring pressures from deregulation of the nancial services market increase the requirement for market orientation and a more intimate knowledge of the market and its segments (Gunnarsson and Wahlund, 1997). Previous research has shown that there are various benets from taking a segmented approach to the marketplace a better serving of customer requirements a tailoring of offerings and higher customer satisfaction (Harrison and Ansell, 2002).It can increase customer retention and create loyalty and long-term relationships that positively affect performance (Martenson, 2008). Market segmentation aims to recognise patterns of nancial behaviour, identied by studied segment predictors to group individuals into segments according to their product needs (Harrison, 2000). Yet, marketing in the nancial services industry today is still predominantly based on socio-demographic features like gender and age which are easy to identify and easy to apply in the composition of groups ( Machauer and Morgner, 2001). A prediction of needs from socio-demographic characteristics cannot be assumed therefore these widely used a priori segmentations are under review (Speed and Smith, 1992). In contrast, post hoc methods entail the grouping of respondents according to their responses to particular variables, focusing on customer motivations (i.e. needs/behaviour) that are more likely to result in a service based on individual need (Durkin, 2005).In research, behavioural segmentation is increasingly found (Elliott and Glynn, 1998 Soper, 2002), although researchers continue to concentrate on the nancial behaviour of specic groups and selective variables (Warneryd, 2001). This study focuses on the general population, giving a more holistic view of personal nancial management activities and taking attitudes and behaviour into account. Individual investors The literature on individual economic behaviour often focuses narrowly on specic areas such as risk attitudes (Warneryd, 1999 Wood and Zaichkowsky, 2004) or saving (Normann and Langer, 2002 Thaler and Benartzi, 2004).Other elds of research target investment in securities (Barber and Odean, 2001 Brennan, 1995 Keller and Siegrist, 2006) or focus on specic segments such as occupational groups (e.g., dentists and managers (Jorg, 2005)). Specic nancial issues or situations, however, are not indicative of an individuals behavioural and attitudinal disposition toward nance. kinda an interest in nances or having certain habits related to managing ones nancial means may indeed be a moderating factor to learn about behaviours and needs (Loix et al., 2005). The attitudes and behaviours toward nances regarded in this study focus on individual nancial management behaviour. It is a topic with important implications that has not been sufciently examined in nancial and economic behavioural studies (Loix et al., 2005).The subject is not covered by the extensive research on individuals attitudes and habits towards s pecie, as such studies focus on the meaning of money (Lim and Teo, 1997) or basic values concerning money in general as an abstract concept (Raich, 2008), and not on an individuals ways of dealing with his or her personal nance. Previous studies of private investors have used mainly behaviour-based criteria or attitudes and do not combine both aspects (Keller and Siegrist, 2006) that are the focus of this study. This study is not product-linked but wider ranging in that it examines the self-stated nancial attitudes and behaviour of individual investors. Attitudes and behaviours A frequently discussed question in research is to what extent attitudes predict behaviour. A direct relationship between attitudes and behaviour has often been found to be weak, but difculties in nding a strong relationship might derive from differences in denition and measurement (Warneryd, 1999).The more specic the attitude is the better are the chances of nding a substantial correlation with behaviour if behaviour is also dened as a specic act (Ajzen and Fishbein, 1980). Therefore, dened questions or attitudes can have predictive power and a higher correlation of attitude to-wards behaviour has been conrmed in studies (in a comprehensive meta-analysis Glasman and Albarracn, 2006 Tesser and Shaffer, 1990). A further question is the benet of knowledge concerning behaviour. Whilst behaviour changes over time, there is a popular assertion that past behaviour is the best predictor of future behaviour (Ajzen, 1991, p. 202). It is a reection of these ideas that leads to attitudes and behaviour being explored in this paper. Financial needs segmentation Several typologies concerning the nancial affairs of private investors can be found in the previous literature, but with more specic approaches segmentations are based on nancial maturity and knowledge (Harrison, 1994), provision for retirement (Gough and Sozou, 2005) or savings strategies (Gunnarsson and Wahlund, 1997).Loix et al. (2005) co me closest to the focus of this study with the question of orientation towards nances but their goal is to develop a measurement scale for individuals nancial management. In this study, we examine the self-stated nancial attitudes and behaviour through a broader basis and do not restrict ourselves only to questions concerning risk or saving. We apply the methodology of cluster analysis to identify groups of private investors in order to obtain insight into the enforcing or modifying of specic behaviour. Cluster analysis has become a common tool in marketing and is a well-adopted method for market segmentation as well as the applied factor analysis apparent in this paper (Punj and Stewart, 1983).The aim of the present study is to obtain a better understanding of peoples needs in nancial matters to provide adequate services and products. This study, based on nancial service consumers, identies distinct motivational clusters that were independent of the more established socio-demograph ic segmentation variables used in targeting and communicating by nancial institutions. This study demonstrates that, by segmenting respondents on the basis of a broader range of nancial attitudes and behaviour, a yield of clearly interpretable proles can be realised and is helpful to identify those people in most need of professional nancial advice. This research suggests that customers nancial proles may be useful in predicting their response to new products as well as persuading them to use existing services for the specic benets they value. Participants and questionnaire The data come from a questionnaire that was completed by 1,282 respondents from various regions of the German-speaking part of Switzerland.The respondents were recruited from two sources 53 per cent of the participants (n 680) were clients seeking consulting advice from a Swiss nancial planning company, together with participants in courses in nancial training within the same rm (convenient sample). The second s ource was employed to avoid a client bias in the study. A total of 602 study subjects (47 per cent of the total study) were identied through a combination of quota1 and snowball2 sampling procedures (Vogt, 2005) so that its composition in terms of sex, age, and other demographic characteristics came close to reecting the respective proportions in Switzerland. Although not every member of the population is equally likely to be selected, the sample is composed of a wide variety of backgrounds.The diversity came from such groups as participants in a study relating to nancial literacy, and from different sources such as a nursing home, a group of university students, a group of teachers, company employees from four Swiss companies unrelated to the nancial services sector, a group of self-employed people, participants in a course for the unemployed, and a group made up of parents. The questionnaire was designed in German. Participants were rst asked to give their self-assessment by answe ring 17 questions on their nancial behavioural practice or attitude towards nancial affairs.The response format is a ve-point-Likert-type scale with absolutely and not at all at the two ends of the question spectrum. Subsequently, the questionnaire contains questions concerning socio-demographic variables such as age, gender, career stage, and education3. The age of participants ranges from 18 to 84 years old, with 58.9 per cent between 36 and 65 years old (n 755). The natural demographic balance of men and women is reected in the sample with 49.3 per cent men (n 632) and 50.7 per cent women (n 650).The proportion of people with a university degree or equivalent is 46.6 per cent (n 598), whereas 33.8 per cent participants (n 433) obtained an apprenticeship (up to ve years). There are 14.5 per cent participants (n 186) who have a high school diploma as the highest educational level, whereas 5.1 per cent participants (n 65) have only attended secondary school. There are 10.5 pe r cent (n 135) participants who were studying at a university or at another institute of higher education at the time of our survey. Methodology and results Factor analysis As the rst step we conducted an alpha factor analysis, a principal component analysis, in order to determine the underlying dimensions of the nancial attitudes and behavioural tendencies. The chosen solution with ve principal components was constructed using the varimax rotation technique and can explain 53.3 per cent of the total variance. Different opinions concerning what constitutes a high loading are found in the literature, e.g. 0.3 (Gardner, 2001). Here, the rotated factor loading of 0.5 was chosen as a threshold.